Cold War: Definition, Origin, Causes, Phases & End. After the Second World War, the USA and USSR became two Super Powers. One nation tried to reduce the power of other. Indirectly the competition between the Super Powers led to the Cold War. Then America took the leadership of all the Capitalist Countries. Soviet Russia took the leadership of all the Communist blogger.com: Shubham Srivastava Post Cold War Research Paper. Words3 Pages. There have been many changes in the media’s influence on foreign policy and reception of events since the Cold War. News outlets are now more proactive in reporting stories and happenings due to improvements in technology. However, the media’s newfound proactively, political sway, and audience influence are not always used positively The cold war and the armed race have been regarded as one of the insecurity problem in the world of today. Cold war can be regarded as the state which involved the conflict, fear and competition between the allies of the United States of America and the Soviet Union with other counties which were allied
Argumentative Essay On The Cold War - Words | Bartleby
William G. McGowan Theatre The National Archives and Record Administration Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, DC NOTE: I am not a historianso don't look for dispassionate recording of the Cold War in what follows. I was of course an eyewitness to bits and pieces of the whole period we call the Cold War - but don't look for fragmentary anecdotes which would not do justice to the serious purpose of this symposium.
What I will try to do is something in between - an essay about this fascinating almost-half-century — not just what happened, but why, and especially why it came out the way it did. I was fortunate to work, during the s, with a superlative writer named Thomas W. Wilson, Jr. Cold War and Common Sensehe called it — and indeed his book is not only readable history but full of common sense, about matters which were most uncommon and often nonsensical.
When did the Cold War start? For it started when the President of the United States decided to protect Iran from our wartime ally, research paper on cold war, the Soviet Union, research paper on cold war. The wartime allies had used Iran — with the Soviets occupying northern Iran and the British and American forces occupying the south — as a back-door Allied supply line to the Red Army. At their Teheran Conference in all the allies had agreed to clear out of Iran within six months of an research paper on cold war in Europe.
The Western allies withdrew before that deadline, which was March 6, The Soviets did not. Indeed, in early March one Red Army column started south from Azerbaijan toward the Persian capital, research paper on cold war, Teheran, and another swung west toward Iraq and Turkey.
Iran, Britain and the U. So — it's still March -- Harry Truman decided after consulting only with his Secretary of State, James F. Before the end of March Andrei Gromyko announced that Soviet troops would leave Iran, and before long they actually left. The Western allies — Britain, France, and the U. That summer, another crisis brewed. The Soviets proposed to put an end to the international supervision of the Dardanelles and establish Soviet bases in Turkey.
Twenty-five divisions of the Red Army were maneuvering near the Turkish border to show they meant it. and British diplomacy backed by the aircraft carrier Franklin D. The climax came when the Greek government, controlling only a "shrunken area" around Athens, appealed for international help. Almost at the same moment, in Februarythe British government delivered to Washington a formal note saying that it could no longer afford to help either Greece or Turkey beyond the end of March.
Also in February, a rigged election put Communists in power in Poland — and another piece of Allied postwar planning, the Yalta agreement, was snuffed out by Soviet noncompliance. In American politics the stars were not aligned for a strong reaction to all this. Americans were delighted the war was over, welcomed the wholesale demobilization of troops, They were looking for some normalcy, maybe even some prosperity. They were certainly far from ready for another kind of war.
In NovemberU. voters had put Republicans in charge of both houses of Congress. Senator Robert Taft, "Mr. Republican" in those days, was focused, research paper on cold war, he said, on "straightening out our domestic affairs. Yet in Marchwith the indispensable help of a senior Republican, Senator Arthur Vandenbe rg of Michigan, President Truman laid it on the line in a historic address to a joint session of Congress.
He called for massive help to both Greece and Turkey -- which was authorized and funded by overwhelming majorities in both the Senate and the House in less than two months. The great confrontation we came to call the Cold War had quite suddenly become the next stage of world history.
What began in Iran in lasted for 45 years, until the dissolution of the Soviet Union in Four months after the Truman Doctrine speech, a Commencement address by Secretary of State George C.
Marshall added another theme to the sympho ny of Western cooperation. He had just come back from weeks of fruitless haggling at a Moscow conference of foreign ministers. On the flight home, research paper on cold war, he had witnessed the hopelessness of a Europe soon to be described by Winston Churchill as "a rubble-heap, a charnel house, a breeding ground of pestilence and hate. The Marshall speech was not in itself a cold war maneuver.
The Marshall Plan was a brilliant series of improvisations on a deceptively simple theme: Europe needed help, and only America could supply it. Precisely because it wasn't a cold war move, it turned out to be a a key to the cold war's outcome. It was even open to the Eastern Europeans; but once the Soviet foreign minister Molotov attended a first planning session in Paris, the Kremlin pulled its satellites out of what looked, research paper on cold war Moscow, like a dangerous opportunity to research paper on cold war. Measured by the cost of failure, research paper on cold war, let alone the standards of modern war, the Marshall Plan was not expensive.
Its first-year cost, five billion dollars, did provide something like five percent of Western Europe's GNP. The Marshall Plan provided above all a source of dynamism-in-action to reverse a growing hopelessness in Europe. With the Marshall Plan, the Western Europeans were able to jump-start their economic recovery from World War II; to commence a bold if baffling effort to build a European Union; research paper on cold war to create an inclusive framework within which a new Germany could be both strong and safe.
And then, the Europeans were able to face east with such comparative prosperity and panache that their Eastern European neighbors in time decided to join the Western future — and the Soviet Union itself eventually dissolved. But meanwhile, the Marshall Plan provoked a wide range of Soviet efforts to sabotage it. Communist posters plastered the walls of the cities.
Handbills were passed out to the workers leaving their factories. News sheets appeared on the walls of remote villages. Counterpropaganda was torn down or painted red by Communist crews in the streets by night. The radio programs from Eastern Europe kept up a drumfire of anti-Marshall Plan messages.
Riots were staged at U. information exhibits. Bundles of U. The Communists spent seven times as much for propaganda as the United Research paper on cold war spent for the Marshall Plan information service. services worked overtime and well. The best film crews that could be assembled turned out news clips, film magazines, and documentaries at prodigious rates. We Americans also derived from the Marshall Plan benefits that are as hard to quantify as they were obvious to see and to feel.
We were associated with a dependable group of European allies in a troublesome postwar world. We helped build a large and congenial market in which to buy and sell. We helped create a political attractant that lured Eastern Europe away from totalitarian rule, and withered Soviet Communism on the vine. These statistics are crude but telling. They deserve a place in any history of postwar Europe. Helmut Schmidt of Germany said it all in one sentence: "The high probability of failure was averted thanks to leaders who did not act according to plan, but instead relied on their moral and national visions as well as their common sense.
Even before the Marshall Plan got under way, the transatlantic allies had put together a military alliance designed to persuade the Soviet Union that military militancy would not pay. General Assembly two decades later, in The North Atlantic Alliance was signed in Six decades later, despite pressures, threats, ultimatums, provocations, and crises, there has been no war among, or armed attack on, the members of NATO, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
Anyone with a smattering of modern European history can appreciate how extraordinary and unprecedented a piece of good news this is. Something must have been done right. But shining through the military half-measures and the tepid ministerial communiqués was a moral solidarity that somehow made more out of what was objectively not enough. The real deterrent to Soviet ambitions was this: by and large, with occasional and temporary exceptions which fortunately turned out not to be critical, the Atlantic research paper on cold war stuck research paper on cold war. The glue that has held the allies together is a large, complex, and dynamic bargain — partly an understanding among the Europeans, but most importantly a deal between them and the United States of America.
The specifics of the bargain, and the comparative burdens to be shared, keep changing, research paper on cold war. But the constant is that there has to be a bargain. The price of mutual help is self-help: "We Americans will help you Europeans, research paper on cold war, if you will a help defend yourselves, and b get on with building a united Europe.
The transatlantic bargain, kept alive by continuous consultation, kept 7, U. nuclear weapons and someU. troops in Europe for the long generation we call the Cold War. Whether that was enough for defense we fortunately never had to discover. It did turn out, in the end, to be enough for détente. The Cold War was called cold because the featured heavyweights, the Soviet Union and the United States, were nominally "at peace.
One early bout was in divided Berlin, where the Soviets had a natural advantage: Berlin was completely surrounded by East Germany. In they suspended all road and rail traffic between Berlin and West Germany. In response the Truman administration decided to supply Berlin entirely by airlift. This extraordinary operation, run by Air Force General Curtis LeMay, research paper on cold war, came to be known as the LeMay Coal and Feed Company.
It "flew in corridors only twenty miles wide, at staggered altitudes, research paper on cold war, in all weather, twenty-four hours a day, sometimes harassed by Soviet fighter planes, and landing at airports only four minutes from each other. At its peak, an incredible 1, trips brought 13, tons of supplies into Berlin within a twenty-four hour period.
More than ten months after it began, and more thanflights later, the Berlin airlift came to an end. The Western Allies were still in Berlin [and] the cold war was still cold. But the world seemed to be heating up fast. In the Soviet Union tested an atomic explosion. In the North Koreans rolled south across the 38th parallel in their Russian-made tanks. Under a UN mandate, the U.
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Post Cold War Research Paper. Words3 Pages. There have been many changes in the media’s influence on foreign policy and reception of events since the Cold War. News outlets are now more proactive in reporting stories and happenings due to improvements in technology. However, the media’s newfound proactively, political sway, and audience influence are not always used positively Cold War Research Paper The Cold War was fought between the United States of America and the Soviet Union. The war was a battle to be the most powerful country in the world. Although the Cold War was not a violent one it affected many other countries besides the United States and the Soviet Union. Most of the battles were races to get the achieve technology Argumentative Essay On The Cold War. Words5 Pages. Thesis: With the overhanging threat of nuclear war looming over the entire world, a group of brave heroes emerged. As fear began to become reality, an unsuspecting group of cardiologists made it their mission to “clog the arteries of support for nuclear weaponry until the heart of the atomic arms race stopped beating.”
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